That would have enabled more of this organic carbon—and carbonate accumulating in shallow water around Columbia—to be ...

Earth was mostly devoid of oxygen for much of its 4.5 billion year lifetime. That is, until certain processes started to ...

Scientists have uncovered a strange hidden structure formed during the creation of metallocenes, a class of sandwich-like ...

Microscopic ocean algae produce a huge share of Earth’s oxygen—but they need iron to do it. New field research shows that when iron is scarce, phytoplankton waste energy and photosynthesis falters.