ASHBURN, Va. – Cryptography forms the foundation of many aspects of trusted computing. This article considers recent algorithms and cryptographic attacks, as well as some future directions for ...

Hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) is a message encryption method that uses a cryptographic key with a hash function. It gives the server and the client each a private key known only to ...

Many organizations have been replacing the MD5 hash algorithm with the SHA-1 hash function, but can the MD5 hash algorithm still be used securely? MD5 (Message-Digest algorithm 5) is a cryptographic ...

IPsec incorporates several cryptographic operations to ensure message authenticity, data integrity, and sender nonrepudiation. In this section we will describe the mechanics of these cryptographic ...

Members can download this article in PDF format. The security of cryptographic applications critically relies on symmetric keys and private keys that are continually kept secret. The method used to ...

Download this article in PDF format. On the surface, this sounds ridiculous: A lobby fish tank gets attacked by hackers. Why would anyone want to break into a fish tank (Fig. 1)? But in this case, the ...

The recent FlipBoard breach shines a spotlight again on password security and the need for organizations to be more vigilant. Password storage is a critical area where companies must take steps to ...

A digital signature, an asymmetric cryptography is designed using VHDL. The implementation has a Message Digest block and a RSA block. Implemented Digital Signature Algorithm on a Spartan 3 FPGA board ...

Understanding Bitcoin is a one-way hash function should make sense because a hash function cannot be reversed. Once you understand that, it is hard to go back to thinking otherwise. The secure hash ...