Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A growing body of evidence identifies endothelial dysfunction as ...

Microvascular endothelial dysfunction is an early or inductive event that occurs in the development of cardiovascular diseases and associated organ damage. The endothelium is composed of a single ...

Sepsis, a life-threatening systemic inflammatory response triggered by infection, has long challenged clinicians with its persistently high mortality (up to 40-50% in septic shock). At the heart of ...

The glycocalyx emerges as an active endothelial system whose structure, metabolism, and shear-dependent regulation integrate mechanical forces with vascular signaling. Disruption of this system ...